"State unions were dealt a setback Friday when a federal judge said they would have to get their members to opt in..."

"... rather than opt out, to having the state deduct union dues from their paychecks." 

What's more, the judge did not rule on dues deductions for unions that he earlier found the state improperly decertified. The state's largest unions were decertified, and the ruling - at least for now - will make it harder for them to get money from dues....